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child psychology, also called child development,
the study of the psychological processes of children and, specifically,
how these processes differ from those of adults, how they develop from
birth to the end of adolescence, and how and why they differ from one
child to the next. The topic is sometimes grouped with infancy,
adulthood, and aging under the category of developmental psychology.
As a scientific discipline with a firm empirical basis, child study
is of comparatively recent origin. It was initiated in 1840, when Charles Darwin
began a record of the growth and development of one of his own
children, collecting the data much as if he had been studying an unknown
species. A similar, more elaborate study published by German
psychophysiologist William Preyer put forth the methods for a series of others. In 1891 American educational psychologist G. Stanley Hall established the Pedagogical Seminary,
a periodical devoted to child psychology and pedagogy. During the early
20th century, the development of intelligence tests and the
establishment of child guidance clinics further defined the field of
child psychology.
A number of notable 20th-century psychologists—among them Sigmund Freud, Melanie Klein, and Freud’s daughter, Anna Freud—dealt with child development chiefly from the psychoanalytic point of view. Perhaps the greatest direct influence on modern child psychology was Jean Piaget of Switzerland. By means of direct observation and interaction, Piaget developed a theory of the acquisition of understanding in children. He described the various stages of learning in childhood and characterized children’s perceptions of themselves and of the world at each stage of learning.
The data of child psychology are gathered from a variety of sources. Observations by relatives, teachers, and other adults, as well as the psychologist’s direct observation of and interviews with a child (or children), provide much material. In some cases a one-way window or mirror is used so that children are free to interact with their environment or others without knowing that they are being watched. Personality tests, intelligence tests, and experimental methods have also proved useful in understanding child development.
Despite attempts to unify various theories of child development, the field remains dynamic, changing as the fields of physiology and psychology develop.
exchange your brand rather than test of genuineness's lifes ahead your first and originality be with you as your infinitive resources in capability.
A number of notable 20th-century psychologists—among them Sigmund Freud, Melanie Klein, and Freud’s daughter, Anna Freud—dealt with child development chiefly from the psychoanalytic point of view. Perhaps the greatest direct influence on modern child psychology was Jean Piaget of Switzerland. By means of direct observation and interaction, Piaget developed a theory of the acquisition of understanding in children. He described the various stages of learning in childhood and characterized children’s perceptions of themselves and of the world at each stage of learning.
The data of child psychology are gathered from a variety of sources. Observations by relatives, teachers, and other adults, as well as the psychologist’s direct observation of and interviews with a child (or children), provide much material. In some cases a one-way window or mirror is used so that children are free to interact with their environment or others without knowing that they are being watched. Personality tests, intelligence tests, and experimental methods have also proved useful in understanding child development.
Despite attempts to unify various theories of child development, the field remains dynamic, changing as the fields of physiology and psychology develop.
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30 days ago
Adilaskhmi Nettem
My
kid is 6 years old and studying in 1st standard. In the school he is
not able to note down the notes from board and he is not showing to do
home work himself. I was helping and making him writing by sitting
beside him, but now a days he started asking me to write instead of him.
so i wanted to know how can i workout to make him to do his work
himself?
89 days ago
S Srujana
my
daughter is 2yrs old.she started getting aggressive on everything(like
eating more choclates r biscuits or not to do hasty things) and shouts
and crying at her father and me.even in her sleep she does it.i
explained her with so patience and even diverts the issue sometimes.she
listens for a while and get calmed for 15mins and restarts her
behaviour.i am getting panic with her behaviour.she is so stubborn
sometimes.
171 days ago
Hijab Fatima
I
have a younger sister she 5 years and she is very aggressive and
misbehaves a lot with me,mommy brother and she is starting to misbehave
with my father. She shouts and she sometimes uses abusive language with
me or my brother whereas we are older then her. And she is angry all the
time and throws things when she is angry. We have done everything we
could mom and dad grants her every wish sometimes we ignore her
misbehavior and gives her the most attention then anyone.What should we
do?
286 days ago
Sumana Dey
I
want to be a psychologist.I am doing my SYBA so am planning to finish
my TYBA with psychology and then do my MA in psychology.So psychology is
the first dream I see.
303 days ago
vidhi sawa
my
daughter is ver 5 years old now and studing in Lkg.Now a days she is
getting very irresponsible of the belongings.Each and every day she used
to miss her pencil or ereser or copy ect.We told her that its not gud
by love nd even punish her .but she doesnt bring changes in her
habit.Wat should we do?
286 days ago
Sumana Dey
Hi.You
can tell her that if she takes her things to school by herself then
she will be rewarded with a chocolate or whatever she likes on a weekly
basis.So she takes her things by herself and end of the week you reward
her.With the thought of getting a reward she will not forget things and
she will also learn that if she does something good her parents will
reward and appreciate her.Appreciation is a must.
395 days ago
Shrabani Burman
My
daughter is ver 5 years old now. We have stopped having a full time
maid (due to unavailibility of good resource), since then she keeps on
saying she has bad thoughts, feels insecure, cries every evening saying
she misses me (mother). I am a working women. we all are worried as to
how to cure this
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